{"id":8798,"date":"2026-02-25T12:14:02","date_gmt":"2026-02-25T14:14:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.margirastai.lt\/?post_type=product&p=8798"},"modified":"2026-02-25T12:23:24","modified_gmt":"2026-02-25T14:23:24","slug":"ludwig-josef-johann-wittgenstein","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/www.margirastai.lt\/en\/product\/ludwig-josef-johann-wittgenstein\/","title":{"rendered":"RINKTIN\u0116 | Loginis filosofinis traktatas. Filosofiniai tyrin\u0117jimai"},"content":{"rendered":"

Glaustai apie L. Wittgenstein\u0105 ir jo filosofij\u0105<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Austr\u0173 filosofo Ludwigo Wittgensteino (1889\u20131951) k\u016bryba lietuvi\u0173 skaitytojui n\u0117ra naujiena. Nepriklausomyb\u0117s metais buvo i\u0161leista keletas knyg\u0173, parengt\u0173 i\u0161 po mirties likusi\u0173 jo u\u017era\u0161\u0173. Pats jis pareng\u0117 tik du veikalus \u2013 \u201eLogin\u012f filosofin\u012f traktat\u0105\u201c (1921 m.) ir \u201eFilosofinius tyrin\u0117jimus\u201c (1953 m., i\u0161spausdintas jau autoriui mirus). Tai pagrindiniai Wittgensteino darbai, kurie autenti\u0161kiausiai reprezentuoja jo filosofijos esm\u0119. Lietuvi\u0161kai jie pirm\u0105 kart\u0105 buvo i\u0161leisti prie\u0161 35 metus, dabar skaitytojui pateikiama nauja laida.<\/span><\/p>\n

Wittgensteinas buvo netipi\u0161kas filosofas. Netradicinis buvo jo gyvenimas, netradicin\u0117 buvo ir jo filosofija. Gim\u0119s turtingo Austrijos plieno magnato \u0161eimoje, jis atsisak\u0117 paveld\u0117to turto, patogaus ir apr\u016bpinto gyvenimo, bla\u0161k\u0117si i\u0161 vienos vietos \u012f kit\u0105, \u0117m\u0117si \u012fvairi\u0173 darb\u0173, kaip kareivis dalyvavo Pirmajame pasauliniame kare, kariaudamas para\u0161\u0117 savo garsiausi\u0105 veikal\u0105 \u2013 \u201eLogin\u012f filosofin\u012f traktat\u0105\u201c, dirbo sodininku vienuolyne, kaimo mokytoju, profesoriavo \u012fvairiuose universitetuose, tap\u0119s Russelo mokiniu pats \u0117m\u0117 j\u012f mokyti. Vis\u0105 gyvenim\u0105 jis ie\u0161kojo filosofijos ir savo paties buvimo pasaulyje prasm\u0117s ir tiesos tikrumo, balansuodamas ties ai\u0161kiaregyst\u0117s ir beprotyst\u0117s riba.<\/span><\/p>\n

Wittgensteinas ra\u0161\u0117 daug, ta\u010diau ra\u0161\u0117 sau. Jis nesir\u016bpino savo ra\u0161t\u0173 spausdinimu ir sklaida, daugel\u012f savo rankra\u0161\u010di\u0173 pats sunaikino. Ir ra\u0161\u0117 jis netradici\u0161kai, atskirais numeruotais sakiniais, kurie da\u017enai prilygsta aforizmams, kibirk\u0161\u010diuoja tiesa ir i\u0161mintimi. Gerai \u017einomas legenda tap\u0119s paskutinis jo \u201eLoginio filosofinio traktato\u201c sakinys: \u201eApie k\u0105 negalima kalb\u0117ti, apie tai reikia tyl\u0117ti.\u201c<\/span><\/p>\n

Netradicin\u0117 yra ne tik Wittgensteino tekst\u0173 forma, netradicinis ir jo filosofavimo b\u016bdas. Vadinamoji \u201etradicin\u0117\u201c filosofija siekia atsakyti \u012f kylan\u010dius klausimus, o Wittgensteinas kelia klausimus patiems filosofiniams klausimams \u2013 ne tam, kad \u012f juos atsakyt\u0173, bet kad juos, jo \u017eod\u017eiais tariant, \u201ei\u0161tirpdyt\u0173\u201c, t. y. \u201ei\u0161gydyt\u0173\u201c \u017emog\u0173 nuo j\u012f kankinan\u010di\u0173 filosofini\u0173 klausim\u0173 sukelt\u0173 kompleks\u0173 atskleisdamas j\u0173 prie\u017eastis ir taip juos \u0161alindamas. Tokia esanti filosofijos terapin\u0117 funkcija.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pasak Wittgensteino, filosofijos tikslas \u2013 atskleisti teigini\u0173 apie pasaul\u012f logik\u0105 ir prasm\u0119; filosofija esanti ne mokslas, o veikla, kalbos kritika siekiant parodyti, kad daugelis tradicin\u0117s filosofijos problem\u0173 yra pseudoproblemos ir atsakymai \u012f jos keliamus klausimus yra beprasmiai, per\u017eengiantys prasmingos kalbos ribas. \u201eFilosofo u\u017edavinys \u2013 tirti ir apra\u0161yti, kaip funkcionuoja kalba \u012fvairiose jos vartojimo sferose ir b\u016bduose, fiksuoti jos rai\u0161k\u0173 \u012fvairov\u0119\u201c, \u2013 teig\u0117 jis. Atskleisti kalbos, minties ir pasaulio ry\u0161\u012f jam buvo tolygu \u012fminti \u017emogaus buvimo pasaulyje prasm\u0119.<\/span><\/p>\n

Wittgensteinas \u2013 \u017eymiausias kalbos filosofas. Savo tyrin\u0117jimuose jis pagrind\u0117 i\u0161 analitin\u0117s filosofijos i\u0161sipl\u0117tojusias loginio pozityvizmo (neopozityvizmo) ir lingvistin\u0117s (kasdien\u0117s kalbos) filosofijos kryptis, nul\u0117musias visos XX am\u017eiaus Vakar\u0173 filosofijos raid\u0105.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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\n.<\/span> \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Rolanfas Pavilionis
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\nISBN \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 978-9986-09-539-2<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":8799,"template":"","meta":[],"product_brand":[],"product_cat":[15],"product_tag":[],"class_list":["post-8798","product","type-product","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","product_cat-filosofija","first","instock","featured","shipping-taxable","purchasable","product-type-simple"],"yoast_head":"\nRINKTIN\u0116 | Loginis filosofinis traktatas. 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